Rabu, 07 Mei 2014

When Scientific Research Working Experience

On entering the sixth semesters, I was nervous and confused when my friend told me about Scientific Research. What is the Scientific Research? and What should be done when writing Scientific Research?. Scientific writing is a task that must be done by each student who has been sitting in 6th semester. Scientific research has a weight of 2 credits. Scientific research can be a scientific paper on the results of studies in the field (applied), literature (theoretical), or a combination of both.

Field studies can include practical work, internships, interviews, observation, study, and a variety of other ways. The study can be comparative literature theory, development theory, application of theory, evidence theory, and so on.

Scientific research has a basic structure : ( 1 ) the existence of the problem, ( 2 ) the existence of theories, and ( 3 ) solving the problem with these theories. In the preparation of Scientific Research, the basic structure of the plus ( a ) Introduction ( b ) Cover and equipped with the formats that apply in each program of study, such as the signature field supervisor, Head of Department, and Coordinator of Scientific Research Session.
Scientific Research book also comes with a List of Figures, List of Tables, Table of Contents, Preface, Appendix, Abstract, Bibliography, and a variety of other needs.

Introduction At a minimum contain : ( a) Background, ( b ) Limitations, ( c ) Problem formulation, ( c ) Objective, ( d ) Research Methodology, and ( e ) Systematics Writing. In Conclusion Conclusions and Recommendations can contain the results of research that has been done.

In essenc , the Scientific Research consists of five chapters, namely ( 1 ) Introduction, ( 2 ) Basis Library (Theory), ( 3 ) Research Methods, ( 4 ) Discussion and Analysis, and ( 5 ) Closing. Nevertheless, the pembabakan could be developed, for example in Chapter 4, Analysis separated by discussion, or filled chapters on Current Business Activities under investigation, or the Working Procedures are still enforced today, and so on.

Scientific research must be completed within three (3 ) months from receipt of the Decree of the Rector of the University Gunadarma obligation for students to write Scientific Research and Scientific Research Supervisor designation.

Day after day has passed since the lecturer who knows who will guide me . Day after day passes to find the title what would I use in scientific research which I will do later . On arrival day the class met with our supervisor , then the professor introduced himself by the name of Mrs. . S Tiwi Anggraeni . He told us to make a title , and other organizational framework to be delivered on the next day when he met later.

By the time the next day to meet the lecturers, I am at a loss to determine what title I will use later. Many of my friends who already have the title of the study, and guidance during the class finished then I asked my supervisor what else heading to do to research.

With the lack of reference that I have my lecturer then gave me the title of "assignment of employees of PT. WISNU JAYA GARMEN using Hungarian Method". And when the assignment is that I mastered the course material in the classroom learning. I chose PT. WISNU JAYA GARMEN because the company is close to my house, and I also recognize the owner of the company. So it can be easy to ask the corporate data that I will make to research.

Once I have the title for the research, and then I made CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION is to be submitted to my supervisor. with 3x my research in the revised format and finally in the ACC by my supervisor. At the moment in my revision was to give up, and at that moment my friend encouraged me so I went to make a return.

Then after Chapter 1 in the ACC I continue to work on Chapter 2, namely THEORY, I started looking for references to the theories that I wrote, and went to the campus library to see what kind of research that will be determined, after I get this kind of research without wasting when I do it immediately.

By the time I finished Chapter 2 I would like to meet to submit to my supervisor for the ACC, but I can not give it for a month, because at that time my aunt was sick and I had to escort my mother to take my aunt to the hospital.

One month had passed, and then the day I met my supervisor and submit CHAPTER 2 I, and at that time my research was not directly in the ACC, but must at first revision since the theory is not in accordance with the assignment. At that time I was annoyed when I see examples of theories like the one in the library.

Then I think of the upset I better go home and work on re- direct the research. And then the day I met my supervisor back. Thank God that moment my research in the ACC, and my supervisor talked to me when it meets later to continue the Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 as well.

After my Chapter 2 in the ACC and then I went to work on Chapter 3 and Chapter 4, namely METHODS and DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS. After working on Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 days later I met my supervisor to submit the Chapter. but still it happens again I did not study directly in the ACC, but must be in the first revision due to a calculation error in the analysis and discussion. But my supervisor to talk to me when it meets later to resume CHAPTER 5.

After revising my research and continue CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 5, which is CLOSING. After Chapter 5 was done, I wanted to get to met by my supervisor for the ACC, but that happens I can not see by my supervisor because at that time the campus was held UAS, MAIN EXAM and Eid holidays

At the moment can not meet my supervisor, at that moment, I use the day as an Eid holiday vacation time to refresh the mind for making scientific research, and I chose to vacation with my family to Yogyakarta.

When I go on vacation I think I wanted to get to meet my supervisor. At that time a lot of my friends and my friends who have signed up for a study session, I became even twin brothers have signed up to participate in the research trial. Seeing my friends and relatives to register the trial I became envious heart to see it.

Day after day passed , after my vacation with friends to go to college to meet my supervisor , and when he got on campus I met CHAPTER supervisor and handed in my research for the ACC . At that moment my whole CHAPTER scientific research in the ACC and I was asked to create ABSTRACT.

After I made ​​ABSTRACT then I handed it to my supervisor, and at that moment I was immediately given a letter as a sign of the ACC has made scientific research.

Once I got a letter from my supervisor ACC, the next day I was with a friend of my friend went to Depok campus D or to register a trial, because at that moment, that day is the last day to register the trial, and on 27 October 2013 as the research trial schedule My scientific. Date of hearing the same as my friend's.

Finally the day arrived at the reception, in the morning I went to college D at 07.30, because getting a trial schedule in the first session is at 09.00. Upon arrival at the campus I saw many other students to follow the trial. The waiting time arrived, I got a B and has the order of 3 to 5 students. While waiting on the call to enter the room, it was also the time when I was waiting to learn the material I use my scientific research. Tense, anxious, nervous that I felt during the wait.

After waiting a while I was on the call to enter the court room, in that room there are 3 examiners, I immediately introduced myself to present my scientific research, when the examiner started giving these questions can I skip it. I have completed the trial. Then we were all called back to the room to give the revision to the wrong part of the study. I get a lecturer my revision Mr. Darmadi, and given a 2 -week deadline for revisions.

When a stressful days passed. Without wasting time when I got home I immediately worked on revisions given by my lecturer. After finishing my revision contacted my lecturer Mr. Darmadi, and I was asked to come to campus and E. revision at the time I accepted.

That's the story of my experience in making scientific research. Although many hurdles yet to be resolved to try and pray. :)

Rabu, 02 April 2014

TENSES



Tenses is a verb tenses in English that aims to show the time (present, future, or the past) as well as the occurrence of an act or event. Tenses itself is divided into three major parts, namely: Past, Present, Future. And in the Indonesian language means Past, Present, and Later. Tenses themselves divided into 16 forms.
1.     SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
·         Used to action in the present taking place once, never or several times, facts, actions taking place one after another, action set by a timetable or schedule.
·         Signal words: always, every …, never, normally, often, seldom, sometimes, usually
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + V1/V1+s/es + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma makes a cake every month.
(-) S + do/does + not + V1 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma doesn’t make a cake every month.
(?) Do/does + S + V1 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Does Irma make a cake every month?
·         Notice how you add an “s” to third person forms (she, he, it). Third-person negative forms and third-person questions are made using “does”. Instead of “s”, “es” is added to positive, third person forms of verbs ending with the following sounds: s, z, sh, ch, j or zs (as in Zsa Zsa). These special “es”-forms have been marked below with an asterisk.

2.     PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to action taking place in the moment of speaking, action taking place only for a limited period of time, and action arranged for the future.
·         Signal words: now, right now, today, at this time, at present
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + is/am/are + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma is making a cake now.
(-) S + is/am/are + not + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma is not making a cake now.
(?) Is/am/are + S + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Is Irma making a cake now?

3.     PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
·         Used to putting emphasis on the result, action that is still going on, action that stopped recently, finished action that has an influence on the present, action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking.
·         Signal words: already, ever, just, never, not yet, so far, till now, up to now
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + have/has + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma has made a cake for an hour.
(-) S + have/has + not + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma has not made a cake for an hour.
(?) Have/has + S + V3 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Has Irma made a cake for an hour?

4.     PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to putting emphasis on the course or duration (not the result), action that recently stopped or is still going on, finished action that influenced the present.
·         Signal words: all day, for 4 years, since 1993, how long?, the whole week
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + have/has + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma has been making a cake since this morning.
(-) S + have/has + not + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma has not been making a cake since this morning.
(?) Have/has + S + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Has Irma been making a cake since this morning?

5.     SIMPLE PAST TENSE
·         Used to action in the past taking place once, never or several times, actions taking place one after another, action taking place in the middle of another action.
·         Signal words: yesterday, 2 minutes ago, in 1990, the other day, last Friday
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + V2 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma made a cake last week.
(-) S + did + not + V1 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma did not make a cake last week.
(?) Did + S + V1 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Did Irma make a cake last week?

6.      PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to action going on at a certain time in the past, actions taking place at the same time, action in the past that is interrupted by another action.
·         Signal words: when, while, as long as
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + was/were + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma was making a cake when her mother came.
(-) S + was/were + not + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma was not making a cake when her mother came.
(?) Was/were + S + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Was Irma making a cake when her mother came?

7.     PAST PERFECT TENSE
·         Used to action taking place before a certain time in the past, sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive, putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration).
·         Signal words: already, just, never, not yet, once, until that day
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + had + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma had made a cake before her mother came.
(-) S + had + not + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma had not made a cake before her mother came.
(?) Had + S + V3 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Had Irma made a cake before her mother came?

8.     PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to action taking place before a certain time in the past, sometimes interchangeable with past perfect simple, putting emphasis on the duration or course of an action
·         Signal words: for, since, the whole day, all day
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + had + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma had been making a cake since 7 o’clock when her mother came.
(-) S + had + not + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma had not been making a cake since 7 o’clock when her mother came.
(?) Had + S + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Had Irma been making a cake since 7 o’clock when her mother came?

9.     SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE
·         Used to action in the future that cannot be influenced, spontaneous decision, assumption with regard to the future.
·         Signal words: in a year, next …, tomorrow
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + will/shall + V1 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will make a cake tomorrow.
(-) S + will/shall + not + V1 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will not make a cake tomorrow.
(?) Will/Shall + S + V1 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Will Irma make a cake tomorrow?

10.                         FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to action that is going on at a certain time in the future, action that is sure to happen in the near future.
·         Signal words: in one year, next week, tomorrow
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + will/shall + be + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will be making a cake next week.
(-) S + will/shall + not + be + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will not be making a cake next week.
(?) Will + S + be + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Will Irma be making a cake next week?

11.                         FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
·         Used to action that will be finished at a certain time in the future.
·         Signal words: by Monday, in a week
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + will/shall + have + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will have made a cake by the time her mother comes.
(-) S + will/shall + not + have + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will not have made a cake by the time her mother comes.
(?) Will/shall + S + have + V3 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Will Irma have made a cake by the time her mother comes?

12.                         FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to action taking place before a certain time in the future, putting emphasis on the course of an action.
·         Signal words: for …, the last couple of hours, all day long
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + will/shall + have + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will have been making a cake for a years.
(-) S + will/shall + not + have + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma will not have been making a cake for a years.
(?) Will + S + have + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Will Irma have been making a cake for a years?

13. PAST FUTURE TENSE
·         Used to express the events that will occur in the past (not the present, the opposite of the simple future tense).
·         Time signal: yesterday, the next day, the day before, last week, last month
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + would/should + V1 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would make a cake in my house yesterday.
(-) S + would/should + not + V1 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would not make a cake in my house yesterday.
(?) Would/should + S +V1 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Would Irma make a cake in my house yesterday?

14. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to tells an action that will be taking place in the past (not yet completed).
·         Time signal: yesterday, last night, last year, last Sunday
·         Pattern and example
(+) S+ would/should + be + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would be making a cake in my house last Monday.
(-) S+ would/should + not + be + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would not be making a cake in my house last Monday.
(?) Would/should + S + be + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Would Irma be making a cake in my house last Monday?

15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
·         Used to state events will have occurred during the past.
·         Including the absolute relative tenses (absolute tenses time interconnected information).
·         Time signal: on … last week, in May last year, at one o’clock yesterday
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + would/should + have + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would have made a cake if she had come earlier.
(-) S + would/should + not + have + V3 + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would not have made a cake if she had not come earlier.
(?) Would/should + S + have + V3 + Object/Adverb?
Example: Would Irma have made a cake if she had come earlier?

16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
·         Used to state of events that were taking place in the past.
·         Including the absolute relative tenses (absolute tenses time interconnected information).
·         Is conditional sentence (the sentence has the same meaning, is merely an assumption).
·         Time signal: for …, by next month, by next year, by the end of this month
·         Pattern and example
(+) S + would/should + have + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would have been making a cake in my house for a hours.
(-) S + would/should + not + have + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb
Example: Irma would not have been making a cake in my house for a hours.
(?) Would/should + S + have + been + V-ing + Object/Adverb?
Example: Would Irma have been making a cake in my house for a hours?